Software Testing & Quality Assurance is a very important subject introduced in the curriculum of Computer and IT Engineering. The subject has immense application in the industry and is a subject of huge importance to freshers and also to students from campus placement point of view. Freshers are normally asked to start their career in Software Testing in most of big Companies like Infosys, Accenture etc. Students who belong to branches other than Computer and IT are mostly given the profile of a Software Tester as a fresher (most of them).
Apart from curriculum, most of the companies do ask questions on Software Testing in the Technical Interview . The questions are mainly to analyze a students awareness about various software testing techniques. Companies like Cybage, Persistant, KPIT Cummins, Harbinger, Syntel and most other IT companies usually ask most of the questions on Software Testing in the Technical Interview.
Moving on to the syllabus, the subject is a bit vast and a bit confusing (since it covers huge amount of theory). The subject is scoring to certain extent, i mean scoring 65-70 is not a difficult task. The syllabus for Computer and IT Engineering is quite different and not the same.
# Note - Software Testing & Quality Assurance is a subject -
Syllabus for IT Engg :
Unit I Testing Principles
Need of testing, Basic concepts – errors, faults, defects, failures, test bed, unit testing, integration testing system, system testing, regression testing, alpha, beta and acceptance testing , functional testing, performance testing, recovery testing, white box testing, black box testing, verification and validation
Unit II Test Management
Testing Life Cycle – Roles and activities, Test Planning – forming a test team, develop test plan review
Test Cases design strategies black box approach: random testing, equivalence class partitioning and
boundary value analysis. white box approach: test adequacy criteria, coverage and control flow graphs,
paths, loop testing, mutation testing. Test execution: build test data, life cycle of defect, defect tracking, defect detection stages, defect detection stages, defect types, defect severity, defect analysis and prevention.
Unit III Software Metrics
Scope of software metrics, Classifying software measures, Measurement basics – representational theory, scales, meaningfulness, What to measure – GOM technique, Control flow structure, product quality metrics – MTTF, defect density, customer problems, customer satisfaction, function point, Metrics for software maintenance, In-process quality metrics.
Unit IV Quality Assurance
Quality concepts – quality, quality control, quality assurance, cost of quality Software quality assurance – SQA activities, software reviews, inspections, audits, Software reviews, inspections, audits, Software reliability Quality Attributes: correctness, reliability, usability, integrity, portability, maintainability, interoperability. Ishikawa’s Seven Basic Tools
Unit V Quality Standards
Basic concept of – ISO 9000 & 9001, CMM, six sigma.
Unit VI Development of CMM
CMM – Following KPAs : requirements management (RM), software project tracking and oversight (SPTO), software configuration management (SCM), organization process definition (OPD), software product engineering (SPE), peer reviews (PR), quantitative process management (QPM), defect prevention
(DP), process change management
Syllabus for Computer Engineering
Unit 1
Introduction, Basics of Software Testing, Testing Principles, Goals, Testing Life Cycle, Phases of Testing, Defects, Defect Life Cycle, Defect Report, Test Plan(IEEE format), Importance of testing in software production cycle.
Unit II
Introduction, Need of black box testing, Black box testing Concept, Requirement Analysis, Test case design criteria, Testing Methods, requirement based testing, Positive & negative testing, Boundary value analysis, Equivalence Partitioning class, state based or graph based, cause effect graph based, error guessing, documentation testing & domain testing, design of test cases. Case studies of Black-Box testing.
Unit III
Introduction, Need of white box testing, Testing types, Test adequacy criteria, static testing by humans, Structure - logic coverage criteria, Basis path testing, Graph metrics, Loop Testing, Data flow testing, Mutation Testing, Design of test cases. Testing of Object oriented systems, Challenges in White box testing, Case-study of White-Box testing
Unit IV
Test organization, Structure of testing, Measurement tools, Testing metrics: Type of metric – Project, Progress, Productivity, Metric plan, Goal Question metric model, Measurement in small & large system.
Other Software Testing: GUI testing, Validation testing, Regression testing, Scenario testing, Specification based testing, Adhoc testing, Sanity testing, Smoke testing, Random Testing. Advances in Software Testing Methods
Unit V
Software quality, Quality attribute, Quality Assurance, Quality control & assurance, Methods of quality management, Cost of quality, Quality management, Quality factor, Quality management & project management, Software quality metrics-TQM, Six Sigma, ISO, SQA Model.
Unit VI
Manual testing, Automated Testing Tools & Case studies, Study of Testing tools (QTP, Rational Robot, Winrunner, Loadrunner), Case studies based on Web based, GUI testing, Manual testing Vs Automated testing, Automated Testing Tools Case studies
Software Testing Interview Questions
(very Important - recommended for all)
===========================
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Apart from curriculum, most of the companies do ask questions on Software Testing in the Technical Interview . The questions are mainly to analyze a students awareness about various software testing techniques. Companies like Cybage, Persistant, KPIT Cummins, Harbinger, Syntel and most other IT companies usually ask most of the questions on Software Testing in the Technical Interview.
Moving on to the syllabus, the subject is a bit vast and a bit confusing (since it covers huge amount of theory). The subject is scoring to certain extent, i mean scoring 65-70 is not a difficult task. The syllabus for Computer and IT Engineering is quite different and not the same.
# Note - Software Testing & Quality Assurance is a subject -
- Compulsory for IT Engineering (PU) [SEM 7]
- Elective for Computer Engineering (PU) [SEM 7]
Syllabus for IT Engg :
Unit I Testing Principles
Need of testing, Basic concepts – errors, faults, defects, failures, test bed, unit testing, integration testing system, system testing, regression testing, alpha, beta and acceptance testing , functional testing, performance testing, recovery testing, white box testing, black box testing, verification and validation
Unit II Test Management
Testing Life Cycle – Roles and activities, Test Planning – forming a test team, develop test plan review
Test Cases design strategies black box approach: random testing, equivalence class partitioning and
boundary value analysis. white box approach: test adequacy criteria, coverage and control flow graphs,
paths, loop testing, mutation testing. Test execution: build test data, life cycle of defect, defect tracking, defect detection stages, defect detection stages, defect types, defect severity, defect analysis and prevention.
Unit III Software Metrics
Scope of software metrics, Classifying software measures, Measurement basics – representational theory, scales, meaningfulness, What to measure – GOM technique, Control flow structure, product quality metrics – MTTF, defect density, customer problems, customer satisfaction, function point, Metrics for software maintenance, In-process quality metrics.
Unit IV Quality Assurance
Quality concepts – quality, quality control, quality assurance, cost of quality Software quality assurance – SQA activities, software reviews, inspections, audits, Software reviews, inspections, audits, Software reliability Quality Attributes: correctness, reliability, usability, integrity, portability, maintainability, interoperability. Ishikawa’s Seven Basic Tools
Unit V Quality Standards
Basic concept of – ISO 9000 & 9001, CMM, six sigma.
Unit VI Development of CMM
CMM – Following KPAs : requirements management (RM), software project tracking and oversight (SPTO), software configuration management (SCM), organization process definition (OPD), software product engineering (SPE), peer reviews (PR), quantitative process management (QPM), defect prevention
(DP), process change management
Syllabus for Computer Engineering
Unit 1
Introduction, Basics of Software Testing, Testing Principles, Goals, Testing Life Cycle, Phases of Testing, Defects, Defect Life Cycle, Defect Report, Test Plan(IEEE format), Importance of testing in software production cycle.
Unit II
Introduction, Need of black box testing, Black box testing Concept, Requirement Analysis, Test case design criteria, Testing Methods, requirement based testing, Positive & negative testing, Boundary value analysis, Equivalence Partitioning class, state based or graph based, cause effect graph based, error guessing, documentation testing & domain testing, design of test cases. Case studies of Black-Box testing.
Unit III
Introduction, Need of white box testing, Testing types, Test adequacy criteria, static testing by humans, Structure - logic coverage criteria, Basis path testing, Graph metrics, Loop Testing, Data flow testing, Mutation Testing, Design of test cases. Testing of Object oriented systems, Challenges in White box testing, Case-study of White-Box testing
Unit IV
Test organization, Structure of testing, Measurement tools, Testing metrics: Type of metric – Project, Progress, Productivity, Metric plan, Goal Question metric model, Measurement in small & large system.
Other Software Testing: GUI testing, Validation testing, Regression testing, Scenario testing, Specification based testing, Adhoc testing, Sanity testing, Smoke testing, Random Testing. Advances in Software Testing Methods
Unit V
Software quality, Quality attribute, Quality Assurance, Quality control & assurance, Methods of quality management, Cost of quality, Quality management, Quality factor, Quality management & project management, Software quality metrics-TQM, Six Sigma, ISO, SQA Model.
Unit VI
Manual testing, Automated Testing Tools & Case studies, Study of Testing tools (QTP, Rational Robot, Winrunner, Loadrunner), Case studies based on Web based, GUI testing, Manual testing Vs Automated testing, Automated Testing Tools Case studies
Books for Download
Practical Software Testing - Ilene Burnstein
(Recommended for IT )
Effective Methods for Software Testing
(Recommended for IT & Comp)
Software Testing Principles - Wiley Publications
Software Testing Interview Questions
(very Important - recommended for all)
Fundamental of Software Testing
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Video Lectures :
Software Testing Interview Questions
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Why is Software Testing important??
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Bug Life Cycle
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Introduction to Software Testing & different types of Testing
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Manual and Automation Testing
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How to write a test case?
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Black Box Testing
White Box Testing
(part 1)
White Box Testing
(part 2)
White Box Testing
(part 3)
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